TY - JOUR
T1 - Using biotechnology-led approaches to uplift cereal and food legume yields in dryland environments
AU - Dwivedi, Sangam L.
AU - Siddique, Kadambot H.M.
AU - Farooq, Muhammad
AU - Thornton, Philip K.
AU - Ortiz, Rodomiro
N1 - Funding Information:
PT acknowledges funding to CCAFS from CGIAR Fund Donors and through bilateral funding agreements. RO acknowledges funding from the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsrådet, VR, Sweden) U-forsk project “Genomisk förutsägelse att leverera värme tolerant vete till Senegal avrinningsområde.”
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 Dwivedi, Siddique, Farooq, Thornton and Ortiz.
PY - 2018/8/27
Y1 - 2018/8/27
N2 - Drought and heat in dryland agriculture challenge the enhancement of crop productivity and threaten global food security. This review is centered on harnessing genetic variation through biotechnology-led approaches to select for increased productivity and stress tolerance that will enhance crop adaptation in dryland environments. Peer-reviewed literature, mostly from the last decade and involving experiments with at least two seasons’ data, form the basis of this review. It begins by highlighting the adverse impact of the increasing intensity and duration of drought and heat stress due to global warming on crop productivity and its impact on food and nutritional security in dryland environments. This is followed by (1) an overview of the physiological and molecular basis of plant adaptation to elevated CO2 (eCO2), drought, and heat stress; (2) the critical role of high-throughput phenotyping platforms to study phenomes and genomes to increase breeding efficiency; (3) opportunities to enhance stress tolerance and productivity in food crops (cereals and grain legumes) by deploying biotechnology-led approaches [pyramiding quantitative trait loci (QTL), genomic selection, marker-assisted recurrent selection, epigenetic variation, genome editing, and transgene) and inducing flowering independent of environmental clues to match the length of growing season; (4) opportunities to increase productivity in C3 crops by harnessing novel variations (genes and network) in crops’ (C3, C4) germplasm pools associated with increased photosynthesis; and (5) the adoption, impact, risk assessment, and enabling policy environments to scale up the adoption of seed-technology to enhance food and nutritional security. This synthesis of technological innovations and insights in seed-based technology offers crop genetic enhancers further opportunities to increase crop productivity in dryland environments.
AB - Drought and heat in dryland agriculture challenge the enhancement of crop productivity and threaten global food security. This review is centered on harnessing genetic variation through biotechnology-led approaches to select for increased productivity and stress tolerance that will enhance crop adaptation in dryland environments. Peer-reviewed literature, mostly from the last decade and involving experiments with at least two seasons’ data, form the basis of this review. It begins by highlighting the adverse impact of the increasing intensity and duration of drought and heat stress due to global warming on crop productivity and its impact on food and nutritional security in dryland environments. This is followed by (1) an overview of the physiological and molecular basis of plant adaptation to elevated CO2 (eCO2), drought, and heat stress; (2) the critical role of high-throughput phenotyping platforms to study phenomes and genomes to increase breeding efficiency; (3) opportunities to enhance stress tolerance and productivity in food crops (cereals and grain legumes) by deploying biotechnology-led approaches [pyramiding quantitative trait loci (QTL), genomic selection, marker-assisted recurrent selection, epigenetic variation, genome editing, and transgene) and inducing flowering independent of environmental clues to match the length of growing season; (4) opportunities to increase productivity in C3 crops by harnessing novel variations (genes and network) in crops’ (C3, C4) germplasm pools associated with increased photosynthesis; and (5) the adoption, impact, risk assessment, and enabling policy environments to scale up the adoption of seed-technology to enhance food and nutritional security. This synthesis of technological innovations and insights in seed-based technology offers crop genetic enhancers further opportunities to increase crop productivity in dryland environments.
KW - Adoption and impact
KW - Applied genomics
KW - Gene editing
KW - Global warming
KW - Phenomics
KW - Photosynthesis
KW - Stress-tolerant cultivar
KW - Transgene
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U2 - 10.3389/fpls.2018.01249
DO - 10.3389/fpls.2018.01249
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85054516153
SN - 1664-462X
VL - 9
JO - Frontiers in Plant Science
JF - Frontiers in Plant Science
M1 - 1249
ER -