Impacts of Electric Vehicles on Distribution System Planning and Operation

Nowadays, the use of electric vehicles (EVs) is becoming more popular due to technological improvements. Along with their ancillary services to the grid as a storage element, the integration of EVs into distribution systems (DSs) will definitely have impacts on the DS security and power quality in both vehicle to grid (V2G) and grid to vehicle (G2V) modes of operation. Hence, DSs’ planners and operators should regulate the integration of EVs and address relevant challenges for a reliable and efficient system. This paper surveys recent literature on the impacts of EVs on DSs considering the presence of renewable-based distributed generation (Re-DG). The paper summarizes potential services provided by EVs and identifies the potential impacts.