TY - JOUR
T1 - Biology of the adult stage of Ufens principalis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid of Homalodisca spp. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Southern California
AU - Al-Wahaibi, Ali K.
AU - Morse, Joseph G.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the staff of KPNO, especially Skip Andre, for providing the technical assistance necessary to ensure smooth operation of the spectropolarimeter on the Mayall 4 m telescope. We acknowledge stimulating and instructive conversations with Sperello di Serego Alighieri, Mark Dickinson, Peter Eisenhardt, and Pat McCarthy. This research was partially supported by NASA grant NAG 5-1630 and NSF grant AST 91-14087. B. T. J. acknowledges support from NASA through grant number HF-1045.01-93A from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555.
Funding Information:
1Visiting Astronomer, National Optical Astronomy Observatories, Kitt Peak National Observatory, operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation. 2 Hubble Fellow. 3Operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
PY - 2010/3
Y1 - 2010/3
N2 - Aspects of the biology of the adult stage of Ufens principalis Owen (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an important parasitoid of Homalodisca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) eggs in southern California, were studied. The field-based sex ratio of U. principalis was significantly different from 1:1 and was female biased (62% females). Females and males did not differ significantly in size based on measurements of head width and hind tibia length, and these two variables were highly correlated. There was a significant effect of female age on egg load. Females aged 1, 4, and 5 d had significantly higher egg loads than freshly emerged females. There was also a significant positive linear relationship between egg load and hind tibia length. Egg load averaged 37.9 ± 1.1 eggs. Eggs, which measured 207.8 ± 12.2 m in length, were elliptical with an anterior nipple-shaped constriction. The longevity of adults was significantly affected by temperature and food (1:1, honey/water). Food had a greater effect in prolonging life as temperature decreased from 35.0 to 10.0°C. The most long-lived adults were fed on honey and kept at 10.0°C (20.2 ± 3.3 d). The rate of parasitism was significantly affected by host age, being significantly higher for 0-h-old eggs than for 12-24-h-old host eggs. There was no significant difference in parasitism between 0-h-and 0-6-h-old eggs and between 06 and 12-24-h-old eggs.
AB - Aspects of the biology of the adult stage of Ufens principalis Owen (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an important parasitoid of Homalodisca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) eggs in southern California, were studied. The field-based sex ratio of U. principalis was significantly different from 1:1 and was female biased (62% females). Females and males did not differ significantly in size based on measurements of head width and hind tibia length, and these two variables were highly correlated. There was a significant effect of female age on egg load. Females aged 1, 4, and 5 d had significantly higher egg loads than freshly emerged females. There was also a significant positive linear relationship between egg load and hind tibia length. Egg load averaged 37.9 ± 1.1 eggs. Eggs, which measured 207.8 ± 12.2 m in length, were elliptical with an anterior nipple-shaped constriction. The longevity of adults was significantly affected by temperature and food (1:1, honey/water). Food had a greater effect in prolonging life as temperature decreased from 35.0 to 10.0°C. The most long-lived adults were fed on honey and kept at 10.0°C (20.2 ± 3.3 d). The rate of parasitism was significantly affected by host age, being significantly higher for 0-h-old eggs than for 12-24-h-old host eggs. There was no significant difference in parasitism between 0-h-and 0-6-h-old eggs and between 06 and 12-24-h-old eggs.
KW - Biological control
KW - Glassy-winged sharpshooter
KW - Homalodisca liturata
KW - Morphometrics
KW - Sex ratio
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U2 - 10.1603/AN09052
DO - 10.1603/AN09052
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:77749298169
SN - 0013-8746
VL - 103
SP - 236
EP - 246
JO - Annals of the Entomological Society of America
JF - Annals of the Entomological Society of America
IS - 2
ER -