TY - JOUR
T1 - Traceability of Italian garlic (Allium sativum L.) by means of HRMAS-NMR spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis
AU - Ritota, Mena
AU - Casciani, Lorena
AU - Han, Bei Zhong
AU - Cozzolino, Sara
AU - Leita, Liviana
AU - Sequi, Paolo
AU - Valentini, Massimiliano
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was carried out within the Biovita project, funded by the Ministero per le politiche agricole, alimentari e forestali. We thank Dr. Temperini, University of Tuscia, for providing the material for NMR analysis and Baoqing Zhu from China Agriculture University in Beijing for running the SPME-GC–MS analysis.
PY - 2012/11/15
Y1 - 2012/11/15
N2 - 1H High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HRMAS-NMR) spectroscopy was used to analyse garlic (Allium sativum L.) belonging to red and white varieties and collected in different Italian regions, in order to address the traceability issue. 1D and 2D NMR spectra, performed directly on untreated small pieces of garlic, so without any sample manipulation, allowed the assignment of several compounds: organic acids, sugars, fatty acids, amino acids and the nutritionally important fructo-oligosaccharides and allyl-organosulphur compounds. Application of Partial Least Squares projections to latent structures-Discrimination Analysis provided an excellent model for the discrimination of both the variety and, most important, the place origin, allowing the identification of the metabolites contributing to such classifications. The presence of organosulphurs, allicin and some allyl-organosulphurs found by HRMAS-NMR, was confirmed also by SPME-GC-MS; 11 molecules were identified, containing from one up to three sulphur atoms and with and without allyl moieties.
AB - 1H High Resolution Magic Angle Spinning-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (HRMAS-NMR) spectroscopy was used to analyse garlic (Allium sativum L.) belonging to red and white varieties and collected in different Italian regions, in order to address the traceability issue. 1D and 2D NMR spectra, performed directly on untreated small pieces of garlic, so without any sample manipulation, allowed the assignment of several compounds: organic acids, sugars, fatty acids, amino acids and the nutritionally important fructo-oligosaccharides and allyl-organosulphur compounds. Application of Partial Least Squares projections to latent structures-Discrimination Analysis provided an excellent model for the discrimination of both the variety and, most important, the place origin, allowing the identification of the metabolites contributing to such classifications. The presence of organosulphurs, allicin and some allyl-organosulphurs found by HRMAS-NMR, was confirmed also by SPME-GC-MS; 11 molecules were identified, containing from one up to three sulphur atoms and with and without allyl moieties.
KW - HRMAS-NMR
KW - Metabolomics
KW - Organosulphurs
KW - PLS-DA
KW - SPME-GC-MS
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U2 - 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.032
DO - 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.05.032
M3 - Article
C2 - 22868146
AN - SCOPUS:84863944219
SN - 0308-8146
VL - 135
SP - 684
EP - 693
JO - Food Chemistry
JF - Food Chemistry
IS - 2
ER -