TY - JOUR
T1 - The chemokine CXCL16 is a new biomarker for lymph node analysis of colon cancer outcome
AU - Abdelmageed, Manar
AU - Ali, Haytham
AU - Olsson, Lina
AU - Lindmark, Gudrun
AU - Hammarström, Marie Louise
AU - Hammarström, Sten
AU - Sitohy, Basel
N1 - Funding Information:
Grants from the Swedish Research Council-Medicine and Health (BS) and Swedish Research Council-Natural and Engineering Sciences (M-LH), the Medical Faculty of Ume? University (BS and M-LH), the County Council of V?sterbotten (BS), Lions Cancer Research Fund (BS), and Stig and Ragna Gorthon Foundation (GL) financially supported this work.
Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: Grants from the Swedish Research Council-Medicine and Health (BS) and Swedish Research Council-Natural and Engineering Sciences (M-LH), the Medical Faculty of Umeå University (BS and M-LH), the County Council of Västerbotten (BS), Lions Cancer Research Fund (BS), and Stig and Ragna Gorthon Foundation (GL) financially supported this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2019/11/2
Y1 - 2019/11/2
N2 - Chemokines are important in the development and progression of tumors. We investigated the expression of CXCL14 and CXCL16 in colon cancer. Expression of mRNA was assessed in primary tumors and lymph nodes and CXCL16 mRNA levels were correlated to patient’s survival. Protein expression was investigated by two-color immunofluorescence and immunomorphometry. CXCL14 and CXCL16 mRNA levels and protein expression were significantly higher in colon cancer primary tumors compared to apparently normal colon tissue. Positive cells were tumor cells, as revealed by anti-CEA and anti-EpCAM staining. CXCL16, but not CXCL14, mRNA levels were significantly higher in hematoxylin and eosin positive (H&E(+)) compared to H&E(−) colon cancer lymph nodes or control nodes (P < 0.0001). CXCL16 mRNA was expressed in 5/5 colon cancer cell lines while CXCL14 was expressed significantly in only one. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that colon cancer patients with lymph nodes expressing high or very high levels (7.2 and 11.4 copies/18S rRNA unit, respectively) of CXCL16 mRNA had a decreased mean survival time of 30 and 46 months at the 12-year follow-up (P = 0.04, P = 0.005, respectively). In conclusion, high expression of CXCL16 mRNA in regional lymph nodes of colon cancer patients is a sign of a poor prognosis.
AB - Chemokines are important in the development and progression of tumors. We investigated the expression of CXCL14 and CXCL16 in colon cancer. Expression of mRNA was assessed in primary tumors and lymph nodes and CXCL16 mRNA levels were correlated to patient’s survival. Protein expression was investigated by two-color immunofluorescence and immunomorphometry. CXCL14 and CXCL16 mRNA levels and protein expression were significantly higher in colon cancer primary tumors compared to apparently normal colon tissue. Positive cells were tumor cells, as revealed by anti-CEA and anti-EpCAM staining. CXCL16, but not CXCL14, mRNA levels were significantly higher in hematoxylin and eosin positive (H&E(+)) compared to H&E(−) colon cancer lymph nodes or control nodes (P < 0.0001). CXCL16 mRNA was expressed in 5/5 colon cancer cell lines while CXCL14 was expressed significantly in only one. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that colon cancer patients with lymph nodes expressing high or very high levels (7.2 and 11.4 copies/18S rRNA unit, respectively) of CXCL16 mRNA had a decreased mean survival time of 30 and 46 months at the 12-year follow-up (P = 0.04, P = 0.005, respectively). In conclusion, high expression of CXCL16 mRNA in regional lymph nodes of colon cancer patients is a sign of a poor prognosis.
KW - CEA
KW - Chemokines
KW - CXCL17
KW - EpCAM
KW - Immunohistochemistry
KW - Immunomorphometry
KW - QRT-PCR
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U2 - 10.3390/ijms20225793
DO - 10.3390/ijms20225793
M3 - Article
C2 - 31752131
AN - SCOPUS:85075314499
SN - 1661-6596
VL - 20
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
IS - 22
M1 - 5793
ER -
