TY - JOUR
T1 - Socio-demographic and psychosocial correlates of erectile dysfunction among hypertensive patients
AU - Fadzil, Mohd Ariff
AU - Sidi, Hatta
AU - Ismail, Zaliha
AU - Hassan, Muhamad Rahimi Che
AU - Thuzar, Khin
AU - Midin, Marhani
AU - Jaafar, Nik Ruzyanei Nik
AU - Das, Srijit
N1 - Funding Information:
Publication of this supplement was supported by Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysian Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Funding Information:
Source of funding: Financial support was received from the Research Management Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Objective The main aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of ED and the associated socio-demographic and psychological correlates among hypertensive patients from a rural multiethnic community in Malaysia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive patients attending rural primary care clinics. The socio-demographic, health characteristics, erectile function and levels of depression, anxiety and stress were recorded and analysed. The International Index of ErectileFunction-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to assess erectile function and the levels of depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Results A total of 253 hypertensive patients comprising 178 (70.4%) Malays, 56 (22.1%) Chinese and 18 (7.5%) Indians participated. The mean age of participants was 59.8 ± 10.62 years. Overall, the prevalence rate of ED was 62%: 90 (35%) with moderate and 69 (27%) with severe ED. The prevalence rate of ED among those aged 65 years or older (83.1%) was significantly higher than those less than 65 years (51.8%), (p < 0.001). Higher prevalence rates were also noted among the Chinese (78.6%) compared to Malays (59.6%) and Indians (50%) (p = 0.021); lower education level (69.1%) (p = 0.026), among hypertensive patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus (70.6%) (p = 0.026) and WHR ≥0.9 (31.3%) (p = 0.021). However, no significant association was found between depression, anxiety and stress scores with IIEF-5 score. Conclusion The prevalence rate of ED among Malaysian hypertensive patients is high. The rate increases significantly with age, Chinese ethnicity, concomitant diabetes mellitus, lower education level, WHR and the number of pack years of smoking. ED should be properly recognized and managed in hypertensive patients.
AB - Objective The main aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of ED and the associated socio-demographic and psychological correlates among hypertensive patients from a rural multiethnic community in Malaysia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive patients attending rural primary care clinics. The socio-demographic, health characteristics, erectile function and levels of depression, anxiety and stress were recorded and analysed. The International Index of ErectileFunction-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used to assess erectile function and the levels of depression, anxiety and stress, respectively. Results A total of 253 hypertensive patients comprising 178 (70.4%) Malays, 56 (22.1%) Chinese and 18 (7.5%) Indians participated. The mean age of participants was 59.8 ± 10.62 years. Overall, the prevalence rate of ED was 62%: 90 (35%) with moderate and 69 (27%) with severe ED. The prevalence rate of ED among those aged 65 years or older (83.1%) was significantly higher than those less than 65 years (51.8%), (p < 0.001). Higher prevalence rates were also noted among the Chinese (78.6%) compared to Malays (59.6%) and Indians (50%) (p = 0.021); lower education level (69.1%) (p = 0.026), among hypertensive patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus (70.6%) (p = 0.026) and WHR ≥0.9 (31.3%) (p = 0.021). However, no significant association was found between depression, anxiety and stress scores with IIEF-5 score. Conclusion The prevalence rate of ED among Malaysian hypertensive patients is high. The rate increases significantly with age, Chinese ethnicity, concomitant diabetes mellitus, lower education level, WHR and the number of pack years of smoking. ED should be properly recognized and managed in hypertensive patients.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.12.024
DO - 10.1016/j.comppsych.2012.12.024
M3 - Article
C2 - 23453753
AN - SCOPUS:84889879283
SN - 0010-440X
VL - 55
SP - S23-28
JO - Comprehensive Psychiatry
JF - Comprehensive Psychiatry
IS - SUPPL. 1
ER -