Parameter Adjustment for the Droop Control Operating a Discharge PEC in PMG-Based WECSs with Generator-Charged Battery Units

Permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECSs) with battery units, have become a popular class of distributed generation units. These distributed generation units are typically operated using various types of controllers, including droop controllers. Existing droop controllers are designed to operate grid-side dc-ac power electronic converters (PEC) to ensure stable and reliable power production by a PMG-based WECS. The employment of battery storage units (to mitigate fluctuations in the power produced by a PMG-based WECS) introduces additional considerations for the design of droop controllers. Such considerations are due to the power available from battery units that is dependent on the state-of-charge (SOC). This paper proposes adjustments in the parameters (droop constants) of the droop control (operate the the discharge PEC) based on the SOC of the battery units. These adjustments are made to further support stable and reliable power delivery of the PMG-based WECS into the point-of-common-coupling (PCC). The proposed adjustments of droop constants are evaluated using a 7.5 kW grid-connected PMG-based WECS with 3.52 kW generator-charged battery storage units. Performance tests are carried out for step changes in the active and reactive power demands, changes in the wind speed, and grid-side disturbances. Test results show that the proposed correction of the droop constants is critical for maintaining a stable, effective, and accurate power delivery by the battery units, thus supporting the voltage/frequency stability at the PCC under different operating conditions.