TY - JOUR
T1 - Meet the Lacrimal Sac
T2 - Endoscopic Surgeons’ Road Map
AU - Tyagi, Amit Kumar
AU - Kurien, Mary
AU - Irodi, Aparna
AU - Varghese, Ajoy M.
AU - Holla, Sunil J.
AU - Thomas, Regi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Association of Otolaryngologists of India.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Knowledge of lateral nasal wall landmarks in relation to lacrimal apparatus is essential for successful endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. This descriptive study of right and left sagittally sectioned ten adult cadaver head specimens was done measuring various lateral nasal wall anatomical landmarks including lacrimal apparatus with digital calipers. Maxillary line was identified in 75%, majority overlapping lacrimal sac. Genu of middle turbinate was at or posterior to nasolacrimal duct. Mean distance of superior end of sac was 8.88 mm above axilla, between its anterior edge and axilla was 10.58 mm and its length was 11.72 mm. Considering above measurements, ‘Rule of 10’ can be applied for nasal mucosal incision. A “Three Tier Approach” to overcome mucosal (nasal), bony (lacrimal and frontal process of maxilla) and mucosal (sac) boundaries exposes lacrimal sac up to its inferior limit ensuring successful endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
AB - Knowledge of lateral nasal wall landmarks in relation to lacrimal apparatus is essential for successful endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy. This descriptive study of right and left sagittally sectioned ten adult cadaver head specimens was done measuring various lateral nasal wall anatomical landmarks including lacrimal apparatus with digital calipers. Maxillary line was identified in 75%, majority overlapping lacrimal sac. Genu of middle turbinate was at or posterior to nasolacrimal duct. Mean distance of superior end of sac was 8.88 mm above axilla, between its anterior edge and axilla was 10.58 mm and its length was 11.72 mm. Considering above measurements, ‘Rule of 10’ can be applied for nasal mucosal incision. A “Three Tier Approach” to overcome mucosal (nasal), bony (lacrimal and frontal process of maxilla) and mucosal (sac) boundaries exposes lacrimal sac up to its inferior limit ensuring successful endonasal endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
KW - Cadaver
KW - Dacryocystorhinostomy
KW - Lacrimal apparatus
KW - Lacrimal apparatus diseases
KW - Nasolacrimal duct
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UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/4ab20796-61cd-3751-a3ec-f83fa9e72aeb/
U2 - 10.1007/s12070-020-01848-3
DO - 10.1007/s12070-020-01848-3
M3 - Article
C2 - 33643880
AN - SCOPUS:85083065405
SN - 2231-3796
VL - 73
SP - 18
EP - 24
JO - Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
JF - Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
IS - 1
ER -