TY - JOUR
T1 - Intermediate formation during photodegradation of phenol using lanthanum doped tin dioxide nanoparticles
AU - Al-Hamdi, Abdullah M.
AU - Sillanpää, Mika
AU - Dutta, Joydeep
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank partial financial support from the Chair in the Nanotechnology programme of the Research Council of Oman and the college of science (Chemistry Department) for giving us this opportunity to carry out the research at Sultan Qaboos University.
Publisher Copyright:
© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015.
PY - 2016/4
Y1 - 2016/4
N2 - Lanthanum (La)-doped tin dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method at room temperature. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activity of La:SnO2 samples were investigated by studying the degradation profile of phenol and its by-products in water. The treated samples were analyzed by HPLC-UV and a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Benzoquinone, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, acetic acid, and 2-propanol were identified as phenol degradation intermediates. Maximum concentration acquired was in the order of catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, and benzoquinone, which was observed in the beginning stages while iso-propanol and acetic acid were observed in the final stages of phenol degradation. We achieved a complete photodegradation of a 10 ppm aqueous phenol solution and intermediates with 0.6 % of SnO2:La nanoparticles in 120 min under artificial solar irradiation. A maximum degradation rate constant of 0.02228 min-1 of propanol and a minimum of acetic acid 0.013412 min-1 were recorded at 37 °C.
AB - Lanthanum (La)-doped tin dioxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by a modified sol-gel method at room temperature. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The photocatalytic activity of La:SnO2 samples were investigated by studying the degradation profile of phenol and its by-products in water. The treated samples were analyzed by HPLC-UV and a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Benzoquinone, catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, acetic acid, and 2-propanol were identified as phenol degradation intermediates. Maximum concentration acquired was in the order of catechol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, and benzoquinone, which was observed in the beginning stages while iso-propanol and acetic acid were observed in the final stages of phenol degradation. We achieved a complete photodegradation of a 10 ppm aqueous phenol solution and intermediates with 0.6 % of SnO2:La nanoparticles in 120 min under artificial solar irradiation. A maximum degradation rate constant of 0.02228 min-1 of propanol and a minimum of acetic acid 0.013412 min-1 were recorded at 37 °C.
KW - By-product
KW - Lanthanum
KW - Phenol
KW - Photocatalysis
KW - Rare earth metal
KW - SnO
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84938633190&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84938633190&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11164-015-2197-9
DO - 10.1007/s11164-015-2197-9
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84938633190
SN - 0922-6168
VL - 42
SP - 3055
EP - 3069
JO - Research on Chemical Intermediates
JF - Research on Chemical Intermediates
IS - 4
ER -