Integração entre alelopatia de resíduos de culturas e fertilizante npk para mitigar a fitotoxicidade de resíduos e melhorar a fertilidade do solo e o crescimento do trigo sob condições diferentes de umidade

Phytotoxic effects of allelopathic crop residues are important to trickle for their use as a source of organic amendments to improve soil fertility. In present study, through pots and two year field studies, we examined the integrated effect of allelopathic residues and NPK fertilizer treatments including T₀ (control), T₁ (200-150-100 kg NPK ha¹), T₂ (100-75-50 kg NPK ha^-1 + mung bean straw 4 t ha^-1), T₃ (100-75-50 kg NPK ha^-1 + rice straw 4 t ha^-1), T₄ (mung bean straw 8 t ha^-1) and T₅ (rice straw 8 t ha^-1) under different water regimes on soil fertility and wheat crop. Solo application of mung bean residue and rice straw caused significant inhibition of various germination and growth traits of wheat while minimal inhibition occurred when allelopathic straws were integrated with NPK fertilizer both under laboratory and field conditions, especially under 14 days of alternate wet/dry cycles. Among fertilizer treatments, mung bean residue caused a greater increase in soil organic carbon, available nitrogen and available phosphorus, while there was maximum percent increase in available potassium with T₁ (200-150-100 kg NPK ha^-1). Maximum increase in grain yield (30% and 33%) was achieved with T₂ (100-75-50 kg NPK ha^-1 + mung bean straw 4 t ha^-1) during 2014-15 and 2015-16, respectively. Integration of allelopathic crop residues with inorganic fertilizers and alternate wet/dry cycles can help to reduce the possible phytotoxic effect of allelopathic residues for sustainable wheat production.