TY - JOUR
T1 - Inhibition of bacterial fouling by soft coral natural products
AU - Dobretsov, Sergey
AU - Al-Wahaibi, Aisha S.M.
AU - Lai, Daowan
AU - Al-Sabahi, Jamal
AU - Claereboudt, Michel
AU - Proksch, Peter
AU - Soussi, Bassam
N1 - Funding Information:
This project was supported by HM Fund for Strategic Research ( SR/AGR/FOOD/05/01 ) and the Sahlgen's Academy, University of Gothenburg to BS , as well as the Sultan Qaboos University internal grants IG/AGR/FISH/09/03 and IG/AGR/FISH/12/01 to SD. SD acknowledged the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation for sponsoring his research stay in Germany. The authors thank Mr. Kaveh Samimi-Namin (Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden, Netherlands) for the help in identification of the soft corals. Advice of Dr. Sarath P. Gunasekera (Fort Pierce Smithsonian Marine Station, USA) in identification of compounds is acknowledged.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier Ltd.
PY - 2015/3/1
Y1 - 2015/3/1
N2 - Six common soft coral species (Sarcophyton sp., Sinularia sp.1 and sp.2, Cladiella sp., Scleronephthya sp. and Dendronephthya sp.) from Bandar Al-Khayran (Sultanate of Oman) had significantly lower bacterial density in comparison with surfaces of empty shells. Methanol: chloroform (1:1) extracts of these species were tested against Gram positive (Micrococcus luteus, Staphlococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp.) and Gram negative (Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Cytophaga sp., Pseudomonas sp., Shewanella sp.) marine biofouling and pathogenic bacterial strains. All tested extracts had some activity against human pathogens and the highest antimicrobial activity was observed for extracts of Sinularia sp.1 and Cladiella sp. (inhibited 50% and 60% of the strains, respectively). Only ethyl acetate extracts of Cladiella sp. inhibited growth of biofouling bacteria. The active fraction was purified and identified as a mixture of hexadecyl palmitate and hexadecyl stearate. Pure hexadecyl palmitate inhibited growth (Bacillus sp. and Psychrobacter sp.) and attachment (Bacillus sp., Cytophaga sp., Pseudomonas sp., Psychrobacter sp., Shewanella sp.) of the marine biofouling bacteria. The results of this study suggest that soft corals have developed mechanisms to combat microbial infections and inhibit bacterial fouling.
AB - Six common soft coral species (Sarcophyton sp., Sinularia sp.1 and sp.2, Cladiella sp., Scleronephthya sp. and Dendronephthya sp.) from Bandar Al-Khayran (Sultanate of Oman) had significantly lower bacterial density in comparison with surfaces of empty shells. Methanol: chloroform (1:1) extracts of these species were tested against Gram positive (Micrococcus luteus, Staphlococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sp.) and Gram negative (Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Cytophaga sp., Pseudomonas sp., Shewanella sp.) marine biofouling and pathogenic bacterial strains. All tested extracts had some activity against human pathogens and the highest antimicrobial activity was observed for extracts of Sinularia sp.1 and Cladiella sp. (inhibited 50% and 60% of the strains, respectively). Only ethyl acetate extracts of Cladiella sp. inhibited growth of biofouling bacteria. The active fraction was purified and identified as a mixture of hexadecyl palmitate and hexadecyl stearate. Pure hexadecyl palmitate inhibited growth (Bacillus sp. and Psychrobacter sp.) and attachment (Bacillus sp., Cytophaga sp., Pseudomonas sp., Psychrobacter sp., Shewanella sp.) of the marine biofouling bacteria. The results of this study suggest that soft corals have developed mechanisms to combat microbial infections and inhibit bacterial fouling.
KW - Antimicrobial activity
KW - Biofouling
KW - Cladiella
KW - Cnidarian secondary metabolites
KW - Fatty acid ester
KW - Marine bacteria
KW - Oman Sea
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ibiod.2014.10.019
DO - 10.1016/j.ibiod.2014.10.019
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84920911752
SN - 0964-8305
VL - 98
SP - 53
EP - 58
JO - International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation
JF - International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation
ER -