Entrepreneurship in Bosnia and Herzegovina: focus on gender

Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to investigate gender differences in entrepreneurship development. Design/methodology/approach: A quantitative study consisted of an on-line questionnaire administered to a random sample of 206 owner-manager CEOs across Bosnia and Herzegovina. Various statistical tools were used in the analysis. Findings: Empirical results revealed significant differences in entrepreneurial performance between women and men. It was found that gender significantly affects entrepreneurial activities in firms with regards to innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking. Overall, female respondents scored better in entrepreneurial dimensions than did males. Practical implications: The state should support female entrepreneurship in the long term; aspirations exist, and this study’s results reveal this potential. Furthermore, it is recommended that women take a part in entrepreneurship development – a key to economic development. Also, it is suggested that education in entrepreneurship should be at a higher level than is currently the case. Originality/value: This paper is the first empirical study that examines gender issues in entrepreneurship in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study draws practical implications for current business owners, CEOs and potential entrepreneurs of either gender. This research removes stereotypes about female aspirations, competencies and skills in creating new start-ups and ventures, which in the long term will contribute to the economic development.