TY - JOUR
T1 - Enhancement of saturation magnetisation through the addition of a nonmagnetic element in substitutional Fe-doped In2O3 powder
AU - Alshammari, Marzook S.
AU - Museery, Kadi Y.
AU - Alshammari, Ahmad S.
AU - AL Otaibi, Raja L.
AU - Yousif, Ali A.
AU - Gismelseed, Abbasher
AU - Lemine, O. M.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is supported by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) , King Abdullah Rd, Ar Raid, Riyadh 12354, Saudi Arabia. Appendix A
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/4/15
Y1 - 2020/4/15
N2 - Iron-doped indium oxide is a promising material for spin electronics (spintronics) applications. Herein, an experimental investigation of the effect of adding a nonmagnetic element (magnesium) on the enhancement of the room-temperature ferromagnetism in substitutional iron-doped In2O3 powder was conducted. A new doping process, which avoids the formation of Fe nanoclusters in (In0.85Fe0.15− xMgx)2O3 (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) powders, was developed. The resulting powders were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), superconducting quantum interference device, Mössbauer spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The XRD analysis revealed that Fe and Mg ions were incorporated into the In3+ sites in the In2O3 lattice without altering the cubic bixbyite structure. Magnetic measurements indicated the coexistence of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. Room-temperature ferromagnetic behaviour with remarkable enhancement of the saturation magnetisation was observed for decreasing Fe ions and increasing nonmagnetic Mg concentrations. Mössbauer spectra confirmed the coexistence of ferromagnetic (sextet) and paramagnetic (doublet) phases, with a clear effect of Mg concentration. The enhancement in the magnetic moment with increasing Mg doping is attributed to the large defects and oxygen vacancies induced in In2O3 by Fe and Mg co-doping. These results will be useful for the development of Fe-doped In2O3 semiconductor materials for advanced applications.
AB - Iron-doped indium oxide is a promising material for spin electronics (spintronics) applications. Herein, an experimental investigation of the effect of adding a nonmagnetic element (magnesium) on the enhancement of the room-temperature ferromagnetism in substitutional iron-doped In2O3 powder was conducted. A new doping process, which avoids the formation of Fe nanoclusters in (In0.85Fe0.15− xMgx)2O3 (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05) powders, was developed. The resulting powders were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), superconducting quantum interference device, Mössbauer spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The XRD analysis revealed that Fe and Mg ions were incorporated into the In3+ sites in the In2O3 lattice without altering the cubic bixbyite structure. Magnetic measurements indicated the coexistence of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases. Room-temperature ferromagnetic behaviour with remarkable enhancement of the saturation magnetisation was observed for decreasing Fe ions and increasing nonmagnetic Mg concentrations. Mössbauer spectra confirmed the coexistence of ferromagnetic (sextet) and paramagnetic (doublet) phases, with a clear effect of Mg concentration. The enhancement in the magnetic moment with increasing Mg doping is attributed to the large defects and oxygen vacancies induced in In2O3 by Fe and Mg co-doping. These results will be useful for the development of Fe-doped In2O3 semiconductor materials for advanced applications.
KW - Defects
KW - DMS
KW - Fe/Mg doped InO
KW - Ferromagnetism
KW - RTFM
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166413
DO - 10.1016/j.jmmm.2020.166413
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85077913149
SN - 0304-8853
VL - 500
JO - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
JF - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
M1 - 166413
ER -