Bioenergy technology for integrated production of polyhydroxybutyrate/bioplastic

The capability of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA), the biodegradable, compatible, and thermoplastic polymer, to replace the fossil fuel-based plastic led to reconstruct the current bioresource-dependent-based industry. Incorporation of bioplastic production in the exciting and established facilities, as well as the upcoming planned biorefinery plant, will vastly contribute to reduce the production cost and, hence, the commercialization in a sustainable manner. The complete valorization of the untapped waste streams, which are generated in a significant amount, through biorefinery concept will increase the revenue of the industry. In recent years, there is a growing demand worldwide for industrial production of bioenergy seeking to replace the fossil fuel-based oil. Therefore the integration of bioplastic production within the bioenergy industry utilizing the by-product and waste streams would boost their sustainability. In this chapter, scenarios and prospective of approaching the integrated production of PHA in biodiesel, bioethanol, and biohydrogen production that are still at the initiation phase are discussed.