TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet in the management of obesity compared with low caloric, low-fat diet
AU - Al Aamri, Khadija Sulaiman
AU - Alrawahi, Abdul Hakeem
AU - Al Busaidi, Noor
AU - Al Githi, Muna Said
AU - Al Jabri, Khadija
AU - Al Balushi, Fatma
AU - Ronquillo-Talara, Rhoda
AU - Al Balushi, Sajda
AU - Waly, Mostafa
N1 - Funding Information:
We are thankful for the study volunteers, and staff of the National Diabetic and Endocrine Centre, especially the obesity team. Thanks are also to the administration of NDEC for facelifted the process of this research. We are also thankful to Dr Mai Naga and Dr Ali Al Lawati, who shared the nutrition therapy of some subjects.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
PY - 2022/6
Y1 - 2022/6
N2 - Background & aims: Previous studies comparing low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) and low caloric fat low diets (LCLF) in obesity management are still controversial. This study evaluated the effect of LCKD in weight reduction compared to the LCLF diet among Omani obese adults. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the National Diabetes and Endocrine Centre (NDEC), Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between 2015 and 2017. We included 200 (100 in each group) obese patient with Body Mass Index (BMI) more than 30kg/m2, who attended the outpatient department and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study for six months follow-up. Anthropometric, biochemical and clinical data was gathered before starting the diet. Follow-up outcomes included reduction in weight, fat mass and visceral fat, lipid profile and HbA1c. Data were analysed using SPSS-24. Results: The LCKD group showed a significant reduction of 13.0 kg (95% CI: 11.0–15.1) in body weight compared to 4.7 kg (95% CI: 3.4–5.9) in the LCLF group with p-value<0.001. LCKD group showed a significant reduction of 4.0% (95% CI: 3.3–4.7) in fat mass, compared to 1.4% (95% CI: 0.83–1.9) in the LCLF group with p-value<0.001. In addition, LCKD group showed a significant reduction of 2.5L (95% CI: 2.0–2.9, P < 0.001) in visceral fat compared to 1.2L (95% CI: 0.86–1.56) P < 0.001) in the LCLF group with p-value<0.001. Combined with significant reduction in HbA1c with 0.69% (95% CI: 0.5–0.89, P < 0.001) in LCKD and a reduction of 0.74% (95% CI: 0.47–1.2, P < 0.001) in LCLF. Furthermore, this diet has not increased lipid profile with a mean reduction of 0.19 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.003–0.37, P < 0.001) in total cholesterol and mean change of 0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.12–0.21) in LDL level. In addition, it has not increased uric acid with a mean reduction of 20.8 umol/L (95% CI: 4.8–36.7), (P = 0.01). Conclusion: LCKD seems superior to LCLF in weight, fat mass and visceral fat reduction. In addition, this diet does not increase serum cholesterol and uric acid, which encourage the use of this diet in obesity management.
AB - Background & aims: Previous studies comparing low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (LCKD) and low caloric fat low diets (LCLF) in obesity management are still controversial. This study evaluated the effect of LCKD in weight reduction compared to the LCLF diet among Omani obese adults. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the National Diabetes and Endocrine Centre (NDEC), Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman, between 2015 and 2017. We included 200 (100 in each group) obese patient with Body Mass Index (BMI) more than 30kg/m2, who attended the outpatient department and met the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study for six months follow-up. Anthropometric, biochemical and clinical data was gathered before starting the diet. Follow-up outcomes included reduction in weight, fat mass and visceral fat, lipid profile and HbA1c. Data were analysed using SPSS-24. Results: The LCKD group showed a significant reduction of 13.0 kg (95% CI: 11.0–15.1) in body weight compared to 4.7 kg (95% CI: 3.4–5.9) in the LCLF group with p-value<0.001. LCKD group showed a significant reduction of 4.0% (95% CI: 3.3–4.7) in fat mass, compared to 1.4% (95% CI: 0.83–1.9) in the LCLF group with p-value<0.001. In addition, LCKD group showed a significant reduction of 2.5L (95% CI: 2.0–2.9, P < 0.001) in visceral fat compared to 1.2L (95% CI: 0.86–1.56) P < 0.001) in the LCLF group with p-value<0.001. Combined with significant reduction in HbA1c with 0.69% (95% CI: 0.5–0.89, P < 0.001) in LCKD and a reduction of 0.74% (95% CI: 0.47–1.2, P < 0.001) in LCLF. Furthermore, this diet has not increased lipid profile with a mean reduction of 0.19 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.003–0.37, P < 0.001) in total cholesterol and mean change of 0.04 mmol/L (95% CI: 0.12–0.21) in LDL level. In addition, it has not increased uric acid with a mean reduction of 20.8 umol/L (95% CI: 4.8–36.7), (P = 0.01). Conclusion: LCKD seems superior to LCLF in weight, fat mass and visceral fat reduction. In addition, this diet does not increase serum cholesterol and uric acid, which encourage the use of this diet in obesity management.
KW - Fat mass
KW - Low calorie low fat
KW - Low carb ketogenic diet
KW - Muscle mass
KW - Obesity
KW - Visceral fat
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126140158&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85126140158&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.02.110
DO - 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.02.110
M3 - Article
C2 - 35623861
AN - SCOPUS:85126140158
SN - 2405-4577
VL - 49
SP - 522
EP - 528
JO - Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
JF - Clinical Nutrition ESPEN
ER -