TY - JOUR
T1 - The effect of cations on gelation of cross-linked polymers
AU - SEDAGHATZADEH, Mostafa
AU - SHAHBAZI, Khalil
AU - POURAFSHARY, Peyman
AU - RAZAVI, Seyed Ali
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, PetroChina
PY - 2019/8
Y1 - 2019/8
N2 - The effects of different cation concentrations and types on rheological property and stability of Guar, Xanthan, and Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) cross-linked gels were analyzed through experiments. Also, a new approach was developed to reduce the negative effects of cation by application of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWCNTs). The presence of cations in cross-linked gel system will reduce the viscosity of gel, the higher the cation concentration is, the lower the viscosity will be. The bivalent cation has a greater viscosity reduction effect on gel than monovalent cation. The stability of cross-linked gels is worse with cations, this situation becomes more serious under higher salinity. MWCNTs were added to HPAM gel, cross-linked by (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), they surrounded cations and removed them from polymers and reduced the reaction possibility. This method enhances the viscosity and breakdown pressure of cross-linked gels, improves the stability of HPAM cross-linked gel under different operating conditions, and can be applied to related drilling projects.
AB - The effects of different cation concentrations and types on rheological property and stability of Guar, Xanthan, and Partially Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide (HPAM) cross-linked gels were analyzed through experiments. Also, a new approach was developed to reduce the negative effects of cation by application of multi-walled carbon nano-tubes (MWCNTs). The presence of cations in cross-linked gel system will reduce the viscosity of gel, the higher the cation concentration is, the lower the viscosity will be. The bivalent cation has a greater viscosity reduction effect on gel than monovalent cation. The stability of cross-linked gels is worse with cations, this situation becomes more serious under higher salinity. MWCNTs were added to HPAM gel, cross-linked by (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), they surrounded cations and removed them from polymers and reduced the reaction possibility. This method enhances the viscosity and breakdown pressure of cross-linked gels, improves the stability of HPAM cross-linked gel under different operating conditions, and can be applied to related drilling projects.
KW - cation
KW - cross-linked polymer
KW - gel system
KW - multi-walled carbon nano-tubes
KW - rheological property
KW - stability
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U2 - 10.1016/S1876-3804(19)60241-7
DO - 10.1016/S1876-3804(19)60241-7
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85070579009
SN - 1876-3804
VL - 46
SP - 826
EP - 832
JO - Petroleum Exploration and Development
JF - Petroleum Exploration and Development
IS - 4
ER -