TY - JOUR
T1 - Psychiatric, cognitive functioning and socio-cultural views of menstrual psychosis in Oman
T2 - An idiographic approach
AU - Al-Sibani, Nasser
AU - Al-Maqbali, Mandhar
AU - Mahadevan, Sangeetha
AU - Al-Huseini, Salim
AU - Al-Muzeni, Muna
AU - Al-Adawi, Samir
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Author(s).
PY - 2020/9/29
Y1 - 2020/9/29
N2 - Background: Most documented cases of menstrual psychosis have been from Euro-American populations with reports from cross-cultural populations being only a few. A primary aim was to determine whether the cyclical/episodic nature of menstrual psychosis among case series observed at a tertiary care unit in Oman fulfills the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and diverge into Brockington's sub-types (World Psychiatry. 2005;4(1):9-17). Related aims were to solicit measures of psychometric functioning of those with menstrual psychosis and associated idioms of distress. Methods: A series of consecutive patients seeking psychiatric consultation from January 2016 to December 2017 were screened via structured interview-Composite-International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and Brockington's sub-types. The identified patients (n = 4) also underwent psychometric evaluation including examination of affective functioning, intellectual capacity and neuropsychological functioning (i.e.attention and concentration, learning and remembering, executive function, processing speed and speech and language). The analysis of outcome measures was via an idiographic approach. Results: The spectrum of distress among people with menstrual psychosis does not fit existing psychiatric nosology. Evaluations revealed that a majority of the participants displayed something akin to morbid phenomena relating to manic and psychotic symptoms. In the parlance of traditional Omani society, this would be termed "spirit possession". In terms of classification by timing within the menstrual cycle as expounded by Brockington, the present case series in Oman fulfilled the definition of catamenial psychosis and paramenstrual psychosis. With regard to psychometric function, all participants performed adequately on indices of intellectual functioning but appeared to have impairments in neuropsychological functioning, including the dimensions of processing speed, episodic memory, and executive functioning. Within the given society, the periodicity of mind alteration has been attributed to spirit possession. Conclusions: This is one of the first case series of its kind in the country elucidating whether the manifestation of menstrual psychosis among individuals in Oman fulfills the subtypes postulated by Brockington. The present case series suggests that menstrual psychosis is marked with neuropsychological impairments that were previously observed in other phasic manic episodes or brief psychotic disorders.
AB - Background: Most documented cases of menstrual psychosis have been from Euro-American populations with reports from cross-cultural populations being only a few. A primary aim was to determine whether the cyclical/episodic nature of menstrual psychosis among case series observed at a tertiary care unit in Oman fulfills the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) and diverge into Brockington's sub-types (World Psychiatry. 2005;4(1):9-17). Related aims were to solicit measures of psychometric functioning of those with menstrual psychosis and associated idioms of distress. Methods: A series of consecutive patients seeking psychiatric consultation from January 2016 to December 2017 were screened via structured interview-Composite-International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) and Brockington's sub-types. The identified patients (n = 4) also underwent psychometric evaluation including examination of affective functioning, intellectual capacity and neuropsychological functioning (i.e.attention and concentration, learning and remembering, executive function, processing speed and speech and language). The analysis of outcome measures was via an idiographic approach. Results: The spectrum of distress among people with menstrual psychosis does not fit existing psychiatric nosology. Evaluations revealed that a majority of the participants displayed something akin to morbid phenomena relating to manic and psychotic symptoms. In the parlance of traditional Omani society, this would be termed "spirit possession". In terms of classification by timing within the menstrual cycle as expounded by Brockington, the present case series in Oman fulfilled the definition of catamenial psychosis and paramenstrual psychosis. With regard to psychometric function, all participants performed adequately on indices of intellectual functioning but appeared to have impairments in neuropsychological functioning, including the dimensions of processing speed, episodic memory, and executive functioning. Within the given society, the periodicity of mind alteration has been attributed to spirit possession. Conclusions: This is one of the first case series of its kind in the country elucidating whether the manifestation of menstrual psychosis among individuals in Oman fulfills the subtypes postulated by Brockington. The present case series suggests that menstrual psychosis is marked with neuropsychological impairments that were previously observed in other phasic manic episodes or brief psychotic disorders.
KW - Menstrual cycle
KW - Neurocognition
KW - Psychotic disorders
KW - Transcultural aspects
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85092318918&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85092318918&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s12905-020-01060-z
DO - 10.1186/s12905-020-01060-z
M3 - Article
C2 - 32993616
AN - SCOPUS:85092318918
SN - 1472-6874
VL - 20
JO - BMC Women's Health
JF - BMC Women's Health
IS - 1
M1 - 215
ER -