Prevalence of Sleep-Disordered Breathing During Routine Electroencephalogram (EEG): A Hospital-Based Descriptive Study

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in adults is a common condition that is associated with a range of medical problems including hypertension, cardiovascular complications, and increase of seizure frequency in susceptible individuals. Polysomnography (PSG) is considered the gold standard measure in the diagnosis of SDB. This is an observational study on the frequency of SDB in adult patients referred for routine EEG. We found that routine EEG was capable of detecting moderate to severe symptoms of SDB in 14% of adult patients (95% confidence interval = 8.1-19.9%). The state of sleep during a routine EEG recording could help in assessing a SDB pattern and could provide an opportunity for further diagnostic sleep consultation if the patient has not previously reported problems with sleep or if SDB was not considered by the referring physician. This study underscores the need for a practice approach to ensure that patients suffering from SDB are properly referred to a sleep specialist. In the context of this report, some training and experience in PSG can be an added advantage for EEG technologists in the detection of SDB.