Pongamia pinnata influences the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in experimental hyperammonemic Wistar rats with reference to temporal oscillations

Pongamia pinnata's (an indigenous plant used in Ayurvedic medicine in India) role on the temporal variations of circulatory lipid peroxidation products and antioxidants during ammonium chloride (AC) induced experimental hyperammonemic rats were studied. Experimental rats were divided into control, AC treated, AC+ethanolic leaf extract of P. pinnata (PPEt) treated, and PPEt treated. The characteristics of 24h rhythms (acrophase, amplitude and mesor) of lipid peroxidation products: thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS and antioxidants: reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were analyzed. Elevated lipid peroxidation (increased mesor of TBARS) associated with decreased activities of antioxidants (decreased mesor of GPx, GSH, SOD and CAT) were found in hyperammonemic rats. Variations in amplitude and 'r' values also were found in between the hyperammonemic rats and other experimental groups. These alterations clearly indicate that temporal redox status is modulated during hyperammonemic conditions, which may also play a crucial role in disease development.