TY - JOUR
T1 - Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
T2 - Noninvasive methods of diagnosing hepatic steatosis
AU - Alshaalan, Rasha
AU - Aljiffry, Murad
AU - Al-Busafi, Said
AU - Metrakos, Peter
AU - Hassanain, Mazen
PY - 2015/3/1
Y1 - 2015/3/1
N2 - Hepatic steatosis is the buildup of lipids within hepatocytes. It is the simplest stage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It occurs in approximately 30% of the general population and as much as 90% of the obese population in the United States. It may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which is a state of hepatocellular inflammation and damage in response to the accumulated fat. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard tool to diagnose and stage NAFLD. However, it comes with the risk of complications ranging from simple pain to life-threatening bleeding. It is also associated with sampling error. For these reasons, a variety of noninvasive radiological markers, including ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the controlled attenuation parameter using transient elastography and Xenon-133 scan have been proposed to increase our ability to diagnose NAFLD, hence avoiding liver biopsy. The aim of this review is to discuss the utility and accuracy of using available noninvasive diagnostic modalities for fatty liver in NAFLD.
AB - Hepatic steatosis is the buildup of lipids within hepatocytes. It is the simplest stage in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It occurs in approximately 30% of the general population and as much as 90% of the obese population in the United States. It may progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which is a state of hepatocellular inflammation and damage in response to the accumulated fat. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard tool to diagnose and stage NAFLD. However, it comes with the risk of complications ranging from simple pain to life-threatening bleeding. It is also associated with sampling error. For these reasons, a variety of noninvasive radiological markers, including ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and the controlled attenuation parameter using transient elastography and Xenon-133 scan have been proposed to increase our ability to diagnose NAFLD, hence avoiding liver biopsy. The aim of this review is to discuss the utility and accuracy of using available noninvasive diagnostic modalities for fatty liver in NAFLD.
KW - Hepatic steatosis
KW - nonalcoholic fatty liver
KW - noninvasive methods for hepatic steatosis assessment
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U2 - 10.4103/1319-3767.153812
DO - 10.4103/1319-3767.153812
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25843191
AN - SCOPUS:84926049949
SN - 1319-3767
VL - 21
SP - 64
EP - 70
JO - Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
JF - Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
IS - 2
ER -