Gender differences in self-esteem and its relationship with body mass index among Omani adolescents

Background:
Adolescence is the transitional stage from childhood to adulthood and represents one the most critical stages in human lifespan because it is associated with several biological changes that affect adolescents’ personal and social development, and self-esteem. Objective: In this study we aimed to investigate gender differences in self-esteem of Omani adolescents, and to explore the discrepancies on their self-esteem according to the level of their body mass index (BMI).
Subjects and Methods: To achieve the objectives of the study, Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale (SES) has been administered on a sample consisted of 855 Omani adolescents (413 males and 422 females) with a similar average age (17.22 ± 1.26 years). BMI also measured using the equation (Weight/Height2
expressed as kg/m2).
Results:
The results also showed that the level of self-esteem varies according to the level of BMI, whereas healthier adolescents (BMI=18.5-25 kg/m2
) scored significantly higher on SES comparing to obese adolescents
(BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Results were discussed in the light of the cultural determinants and the previous theoretical literature in this field.
Conclusion:
The results of the study revealed that there were significant differences between healthy males and females in the level of self-esteem in favor of females.