First reported case of compound heterozygosity for HbA₂-Yialousa (HBD: C.82 G>C) and HbA₂-Wrens (HBD: C.295 G>A) in Oman

We report the presence of two different δ-globin gene mutations causing δ⁺-thalassemia in association with homozygous (-α^3.7/-α^3.7) genotype for the first time in an Omani child with a low hemoglobin A₂ (HbA₂) of 0.8 %. Direct nucleotide sequencing revealed compound heterozygote mutations in the patient's δ-globin genes: HbA₂-Yialousa (HBD: c.82G>C) and HbA₂-Wrens (HBD: c.295G>A). In Oman, where α and β-thalassemia and HbS are prevalent, an awareness of the presence of different δ-globin gene mutations is important as complex interactions between these hemoglobinopathies can lead to the misdiagnosis of β-thalassemia carriers.