TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of antimicrobial peptides in skin secretions from discrete populations of Lithobates chiricahuensis (Ranidae) from central and southern Arizona
AU - Conlon, J. Michael
AU - Mechkarska, Milena
AU - Coquet, Laurent
AU - Jouenne, Thierry
AU - Leprince, Jérôme
AU - Vaudry, Hubert
AU - Kolodziejek, Jolanta
AU - Nowotny, Norbert
AU - King, Jay D.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported a Faculty Support Grant from U.A.E. University . The authors thank Tibor Pal and Agnes Sonnevend, Department of Medical Microbiology, UAE University for supply of bacterial strains and help with the microbiological assays and also Tara Sprankle, Paula Swanson, and Stuart Wells of the Phoenix Zoo, Victoria E. Milne and John Kiseda of the El Paso Zoo, and Mike Sredl of the Arizona Game and Fish Department for facilitating specimen collection.
PY - 2011/4
Y1 - 2011/4
N2 - Populations of the Chiricahua leopard frog Lithobates chiricahuensis (Ranidae) occupying regions in southern Arizona (southern range) are morphologically distinct from those from the Mogollon Rim of central Arizona (northern range) and a comparison of DNA sequences of mitochondrial genes has suggested that they may represent separate species. Peptidomic analysis of norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions has led to the identification of six peptides with antimicrobial activity in samples from specimens from both groups. The primary structure of the peptides (esculentin-2CHa, ranatuerin-2CHa, -CHb, and -CHc, and brevinin-1CHa and -CHb) isolated from both southern and northern range frogs are identical consistent with the proposal that the two populations are conspecific. However, palustrin-2CHa and the atypical brevinin-1CHc (FFPTIAG*****LTKLFCA ITKKC), containing a five amino acid residue deletion, were identified only in secretions from southern range specimens. Consequently, there is some support for the proposal that the two populations are closely related but separate species but this support is relatively weak. Esculentin-2CHa (GFSSIFRGVAKFASKGLG KDLAKLGVDLVACKISKQC) displayed the highest antimicrobial potency (MIC ≤ 10 μM) against a variety of microorganisms and was only moderately hemolytic (LC50 = 150 μM). Cladistic analysis based upon the primary structures of brevinin-1 peptides indicates a close phylogenetic relationship between L. chiricahuensis, L. onca, and L. yavapaiensis.
AB - Populations of the Chiricahua leopard frog Lithobates chiricahuensis (Ranidae) occupying regions in southern Arizona (southern range) are morphologically distinct from those from the Mogollon Rim of central Arizona (northern range) and a comparison of DNA sequences of mitochondrial genes has suggested that they may represent separate species. Peptidomic analysis of norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions has led to the identification of six peptides with antimicrobial activity in samples from specimens from both groups. The primary structure of the peptides (esculentin-2CHa, ranatuerin-2CHa, -CHb, and -CHc, and brevinin-1CHa and -CHb) isolated from both southern and northern range frogs are identical consistent with the proposal that the two populations are conspecific. However, palustrin-2CHa and the atypical brevinin-1CHc (FFPTIAG*****LTKLFCA ITKKC), containing a five amino acid residue deletion, were identified only in secretions from southern range specimens. Consequently, there is some support for the proposal that the two populations are closely related but separate species but this support is relatively weak. Esculentin-2CHa (GFSSIFRGVAKFASKGLG KDLAKLGVDLVACKISKQC) displayed the highest antimicrobial potency (MIC ≤ 10 μM) against a variety of microorganisms and was only moderately hemolytic (LC50 = 150 μM). Cladistic analysis based upon the primary structures of brevinin-1 peptides indicates a close phylogenetic relationship between L. chiricahuensis, L. onca, and L. yavapaiensis.
KW - Antimicrobial peptide
KW - Brevinin-1
KW - Esculentin-2
KW - Frog skin
KW - Palustrin-2
KW - Ranatuerin-2
KW - Taxonomy
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U2 - 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.01.018
DO - 10.1016/j.peptides.2011.01.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 21262304
AN - SCOPUS:79952814323
SN - 0196-9781
VL - 32
SP - 664
EP - 669
JO - Peptides
JF - Peptides
IS - 4
ER -