TY - JOUR
T1 - A review on the visible light active titanium dioxide photocatalysts for environmental applications
AU - Pelaez, Miguel
AU - Nolan, Nicholas T.
AU - Pillai, Suresh C.
AU - Seery, Michael K.
AU - Falaras, Polycarpos
AU - Kontos, Athanassios G.
AU - Dunlop, Patrick S.M.
AU - Hamilton, Jeremy W.J.
AU - Byrne, J. Anthony
AU - O'Shea, Kevin
AU - Entezari, Mohammad H.
AU - Dionysiou, Dionysios D.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors wish to acknowledge financial support from NSF, Department of Employment and Learning Northern Ireland, Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) and NSF-CBET 1300 (Award 1033317) and the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant agreement 227017 (“Clean Water” collaborative project). We also wish to thank Dr. John Colreavy, Director of CREST, DIT Dublin Ireland (and the vice-chair of the photocatalytic COST action-540), for supporting the research and reviewing the manuscript.
PY - 2012/8/21
Y1 - 2012/8/21
N2 - Fujishima and Honda (1972) demonstrated the potential of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) semiconductor materials to split water into hydrogen and oxygen in a photo-electrochemical cell. Their work triggered the development of semiconductor photocatalysis for a wide range of environmental and energy applications. One of the most significant scientific and commercial advances to date has been the development of visible light active (VLA) TiO 2 photocatalytic materials. In this review, a background on TiO 2 structure, properties and electronic properties in photocatalysis is presented. The development of different strategies to modify TiO 2 for the utilization of visible light, including non metal and/or metal doping, dye sensitization and coupling semiconductors are discussed. Emphasis is given to the origin of visible light absorption and the reactive oxygen species generated, deduced by physicochemical and photoelectrochemical methods. Various applications of VLA TiO 2, in terms of environmental remediation and in particular water treatment, disinfection and air purification, are illustrated. Comprehensive studies on the photocatalytic degradation of contaminants of emerging concern, including endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, cyanotoxins and volatile organic compounds, with VLA TiO 2 are discussed and compared to conventional UV-activated TiO 2 nanomaterials. Recent advances in bacterial disinfection using VLA TiO 2 are also reviewed. Issues concerning test protocols for real visible light activity and photocatalytic efficiencies with different light sources have been highlighted.
AB - Fujishima and Honda (1972) demonstrated the potential of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) semiconductor materials to split water into hydrogen and oxygen in a photo-electrochemical cell. Their work triggered the development of semiconductor photocatalysis for a wide range of environmental and energy applications. One of the most significant scientific and commercial advances to date has been the development of visible light active (VLA) TiO 2 photocatalytic materials. In this review, a background on TiO 2 structure, properties and electronic properties in photocatalysis is presented. The development of different strategies to modify TiO 2 for the utilization of visible light, including non metal and/or metal doping, dye sensitization and coupling semiconductors are discussed. Emphasis is given to the origin of visible light absorption and the reactive oxygen species generated, deduced by physicochemical and photoelectrochemical methods. Various applications of VLA TiO 2, in terms of environmental remediation and in particular water treatment, disinfection and air purification, are illustrated. Comprehensive studies on the photocatalytic degradation of contaminants of emerging concern, including endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, cyanotoxins and volatile organic compounds, with VLA TiO 2 are discussed and compared to conventional UV-activated TiO 2 nanomaterials. Recent advances in bacterial disinfection using VLA TiO 2 are also reviewed. Issues concerning test protocols for real visible light activity and photocatalytic efficiencies with different light sources have been highlighted.
KW - Air purification
KW - Anatase
KW - Cyanotoxins
KW - Disinfection
KW - EDCs
KW - Emerging pollutants
KW - Environmental application
KW - Metal doping
KW - N-TiO
KW - Non-metal doping
KW - Photocatalysis
KW - Photocatalytic
KW - Reactive oxygen species
KW - Rutile
KW - Solar
KW - TiO
KW - Treatment
KW - Visible
KW - Water
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U2 - 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.05.036
DO - 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.05.036
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:84863493867
SN - 0926-3373
VL - 125
SP - 331
EP - 349
JO - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
ER -